Sidewalks and driveway aprons are located on public property and, therefore, must be constructed according to common standards for the entire City. These standards are in conformance with the Ohio Department of Transportation Construction and Material Specifications, latest edition, the Ohio Basic Building Code, the American Concrete Institute and the Codified Ordinances of the City of Lakewood.
1.1 PERMITS AND BOND
Before installing a new driveway apron or public sidewalk, a permit must be first be obtained from the Public Works Department at City Hall. In addition, a permit from the Division of Water is required if any water or sewer fixtures are located within the proposed construction.
The permit charge is $10.00 and is non-refundable. The bond cost is $40.00 and is refundable upon receipt of an acceptable inspection report. Both charges are due when the permit is obtained.
1.2 QUALITY CONTROL AND INSPECTION
Quality control is the responsibility of the permit holder.
Absolutely all concrete work shall be inspected both before and after the concrete is cast. The City Sidewalk Inspector shall be called (529-6694) after the forms and reinforcing are in place before the concrete is cast. The Inspector shall also be called after the concrete is cast for the final inspection. A minimum of four (4) hours advanced notice is required for every inspection. The Inspector will be examining the dimensions of the pour, compliance with the specifications contained herein, quality of the finish and conformance with surrounding grades. The permit holder shall correct all deficiencies so noted at his or her expense. All uninspected concrete work is subject to immediate removal at the permit holders expense.
The permit holder is required to adhere to these specifications and demonstrate to the City Inspector compliance. This shall be done by providing delivery tickets, mix designs from the supplier that demonstrate compliance and any other documentation that the specified requirements for every item herein has been met.
PART 2 MATERIALS
2.1 CONCRETE
All concrete shall conform to ODOT Item 499 Class "C" with a 28 day compressive strength of 4000 PSI, minimum. This mix has a per cubic yard fine aggregate content of 1160 pounds, a course aggregate content of 1735 pounds, a cement content of 600 pounds and a maximum water/cement ratio of 0.5. Type I, II or III cement is permissable.
All concrete shall contain an admixture that will result in an air entrainment of 5% to 7%.
All building code requirements found in the American Concrete Institute (ACI) 318 shall be strictly adhered to.
2.2 CONCRETE REINFORCING
Drive apron can be reinforced with steel mesh or integral fiber reinforcing. Sidewalks and curbs shall be reinforced with integral fiber reinforcing only.
2.2.1 Steel Mesh
Steel mesh shall be 6" x 12" W 8.5 x W4 (78#/csf).
2.2.2 Integral Fiber Reinforcing
Integral fiber reinforcing shall consist of polyester (P.E.T.) monofilament with a specific gravity of 1.34, fiber length of 1.5 inches and thoroughly mixed in the concrete at a rate of 1.5 pounds per cubic yard.
2.3 CONCRETE CURING
All concrete shall be cured. Curing shall consist of the application of a liquid membrane curing and sealing compound that meets or exceeds the requirements of ASTM 309, has a minimum 30% solids and will not yellow when exposed to sunlight. Curing and sealing compound shall be applied as soon as bleed water and finishing are completed.
2.4 FORMS
Steel or wood forms shall be suitably secure against any movement during casting and shall provide straight or uniformly curved edges as the design requires.
2.5 BASE STONE
Base stone shall consist only of compacted limestone aggregate conforming to the specified thickness and gradation contained herein. Slag in any form will not be permitted.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 SIDEWALKS
Every street has a sidewalk width specified in the Codified Ordinances of Lakewood. New sidewalks shall match this width and shall accurately align with existing walks .
All sidewalks shall be 4 inches thick and be made of cast-in-place concrete. Alternate materials and designs must be proposed to the Public Works Director (216-529-6803) and approved prior to installation.
Sidewalks shall slope toward the curb at ¼ inch per foot of width.
Tooled control joints shall be spaced at the same distance apart as the sidewalk is wide and shall be spaced evenly. If an unsymmetrical end block is created due to an odd dimension, the joint spacing shall be adjusted by prorating so that even spacing over the entire width of the work results.
Sidewalk edges shall be tooled and radiused 1/8 inch. All fins shall be removed.
A tooled control joint shall be placed in such a way as to define a 6 inch wide curb parallel to the pavement edge at locations where the curb and sidewalk are integral.
Expansion joints shall be placed every fourth or fifth block and at each end of the work and shall have tooled edges.
A broom finish shall be applied perpendicular to the direction of foot traffic prior to tooling joints. This includes the blocks between the apron and the private drive.
Preparation for concrete casting shall consist of grading, leveling and compacting the soil surface, followed by placing a minimum 3 inches of #57 limestone or ODOT Item 304 compacted limestone base.
3.1.1 Curb Ramps
Curb ramps shall be installed at all cross walk locations. The installation shall conform to Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) Standard Construction Drawing BP-7.1. Base of ramp shall be flush with the top of pavement, shall be the same width as the sidewalk and shall be aligned with the centerline of the sidewalk.
All other sidewalk requirements pertain.
3.2 CURBS
All existing curb to be removed shall be completely removed to 1-6" below pavement grade. Existing curb to remain shall be saw cut full depth.
All curb designs shall conform to ODOT Standard Construction Drawing BP-5.1. Contact the Sidewalk Inspector for the curb type to use. New curbs shall extend the full width of the property unless otherwise approved in writing by the Sidewalk Inspector. Curb top elevation shall not be higher than the sidewalk.
Control joints shall be saw cut every 20 feet and sealed.
Any existing underdrains disturbed or removed as part of the work shall be restored with 6 inch diameter perforated PVC underdrain pipe securely joined with adjacent underdrain pipe to remain and/or to a catch basin. All such connections shall be inspected by the Lakewood Division of Water prior to bedding.
Underdrain bedding shall consist of washed #8 limestone placed to at least 3 inches above the top of the pipe.
3.3 DRIVE APRONS
The requirements for drive aprons include the sidewalk blocks between the apron and the private driveway.
Drive aprons shall be 6 inches thick. The width at the sidewalk shall match the width of the private drive. The apron shall flair 1-6" to 20" , minimum. Contact the Sidewalk Inspector for prior approval if a design variation is desired.
Existing curbing shall be completely removed and replaced with a concrete block 6 inches wide by 18 inches deep integral with the apron concrete. Joints with existing curb to remain shall be saw cut full depth neat and true.
Where drive apron and curb are cast separately, the curb portion shall extend a minimum 1-0" below pavement grade.
The subgrade soil shall be rolled and compacted prior to placing subbase stone.
Subbase stone shall consist of ODOT Item 304 and shall be between 4 and 6 inches thick and compacted.
If steel mesh is used for reinforcement, it shall be placed with the W8.5 wires parallel to the apron centerline. The steel mesh shall be supported on chairs (not blocks) between 3 and 4 inches above the base stone surface.
Apron shall be broom finished perpendicular with traffic direction. All edges shall be tooled.
Control joints shall be tooled and placed along the apron / drive centerline and at 4 to 6 foot spacing away and as dictated by aesthetic considerations.
3.4 UTILITY FIXTURES
It is the responsibility of the permit holder to contact the owners of all utility fixtures that exist within the work area as well as the Ohio Utilities Protection Service (O.U.P.S.) at 1-800-362-2764 prior to any work.
The Lakewood Division of Water shall be contacted at 216-521-7580 if sewer or water fixtures are within the work area and a permit obtained. The Division of Water permit contains additional requirements the permit holder is responsible for.
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